NABARD - Soil Report 2015 - page 139

114
  S
tate
of
I
ndia
s
L
ivelihoods
R
eport
2015
China’s demographic dividend will be over
by 2015; India’s is expected to continue
till about 2040. During this phase most of
the population contributes to the coun-
try’s GDP and thus the lower dependency
ratio
3
can result in high economic growth.
India has to provide quality education and
develop the skills of its large young popula-
tion to fully reap the benefits of the demo-
graphic dividend.
The challenges for India get enlarged,
as it needs to provide skills to the millions
of workforce ready population, while fac-
ing an ever increasing migration of labour
from agriculture to manufacturing and
services. The country, however, has a big
challenge ahead as it is estimated that only
2.3 per cent
4
of the total workforce in India
has undergone formal skill training as com-
pared to 68 per cent in UK, 75 per cent in
Germany, 52 per cent in USA, 80 per cent
in Japan and 96 per cent in South Korea.
The poor skill levels among India’s work-
force are attributed to dearth of a formal
vocational education framework with wide
variation in quality, high school dropout
rates, inadequate skills training capacity
and negative perception towards skilling
and lack of ‘industry-ready’ skills, even in
professional courses (Ernst & Young LLP
and FICCI, 2013).
5
Countries with higher and better levels
of skills adjust more effectively to the chal-
lenges and opportunities of world of work.
Potentially, the target group for skill develop-
ment comprises all those in the labour force,
including those entering the labour market
for the first time (12.8 million annually),
those employed in the organised sector (26.0
million) and those working in the unorgan-
ised sector (433 million). The current capac-
ity of the skill development programmes for
jobs is 3.1million
6
per annumas against 12.8
million joining the workforce.
3
Refers to the number of children or elderly dependent on each earning person.
4
GoI, 2015, Draft National Policy for Skill Development. Available at
ter_image/Draft_National_Policy_for_Skill_Development_and_Entrepreneurship_2015.pdf
5
Ernst &Young LLP and FICCI, 2013, Reaping India’s PromisedDemographic Dividend—Industry inDriving Seat.
6
GoI, 2015, Annual Report 2014–15, Ministry of Labour and Employment, GoI.
7
NSDC, 2015, National Workshop with States, Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, 9 May 2015, Skilling with Scale at
Speed, a presentation.
–10
31
17
10 12
7 6 6 6 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 3 2 2
1
Building,
Construction & Real
Retail
Beauty and
Wellness
Transportation &
Logistics
Furniture &
Furnishing
Handlooms &
Handicrafts
Tourism, Hospitality
& Travel
Textile & Clothing
Domestic Help
Security
Food Processing
Healthcare
Electronic &
IT Hardware
Education/skill
development
Leather and
Leather Goods
Gems and Jewellry
Auto & Auto
Components
Chemical &
Pharmaceuticals
Telecommunication
Construction
Material & Building
IT & ITES
BFSI
Media &
Entertainment
Agriculture
0
10
20
30
40
Figure 6.1: 
Twenty-four high growth sector and state level district-wise studies in 2013
Source:
NSDC (2015).
7
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