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S
tate
of
I
ndia
’
s
L
ivelihoods
R
eport
2015
The corporation implements only state
schemes and also acts as nodal agency guid-
ing 21 major departments in skill training.
Similarly Government of Gujarat has funded
skill development out of state budget which
has been equivalent or more than central
government budgets for the state. While
some of the budget allocation has been
for gap filling measures, some budgets are
earmarked for skill training. However, there
is little segregated data on outreach under
state programmes and budgets.
State governments have come up with
innovative models that are being upscaled
in the country. One such initiative is by
Government of Gujarat to provide need-
based skill training in rural areas. According
to the summary report on skill develop-
ment prepared by the Federation of Indian
Chambers of Commerce and Industry
(FICCI) and presented at the global skill
summit in 2013: ‘People in urban areas
have a 93 per cent higher chance at voca-
tional training than those in rural areas.
Furthermore, a person with a high school
degree has a 300 per cent higher chance at
getting trained than an illiterate person.’
27
Recognising the low enrolment of women
and rural youth in ITIs, Government of
Gujarat decided to adopt a flexible approach
to strengthen the skill development sector,
making it more accessible for women and
rural youth, keeping in mind their aspira-
tions, needs and problems and thus estab-
lishedKaushalya Vardhan kendras (Box 6.1).
Brief analysis of the major
programmes and results
Vocational training
1. Ministry of Labour and Employment
implements skill development to school
leavers/school dropouts through a number
of schemes and also institutes such as
people were trained by Central Ministries/
Departments in the financial year 2014–15
which was 51 per cent of the target set.
The five major programmes in terms of
outreach (apart from vocational training
through ITIs) are: (a)DeenDayal Upadhyaya
GrameenKaushalya Yojana (earlier Aajeevika
Skills Development Programme), Ministry
of Rural Development, (b) NSDC, (c) Skill
Training for Employment Protection
amongst Urban Poor (STEP-UP) under
Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana
(SJSRY) which has been restructured
into National Urban Livelihoods Mission
(NULM) since September 2013, Ministry
of Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation,
(d) Rural Self-Employment Training Statute
(RSETI), Ministry of Rural Development,
(e) Skills Development Initiative Scheme
(SDIS) of Ministry of Labour. NSDC pro-
gramme is fee-basedwhile others are subsidy-
based. Apart from Central Ministries, states
allocate budgets for skilling. RSETIs (spon-
sored by banks) provide short and focused
skill training for self-employment. Some of
the industries take their own initiatives in
skilling their employees. Despite thismassive
effort by different agencies in public and pri-
vate sectors, it appears that the Twelfth Plan
targets of skilling 80 million are unlikely to
be achieved.
State Government initiatives:
Most of the
states have set up skill missions under suit-
able legal forms. Apart from implementing
the central government schemes, state gov-
ernments have taken measures to improve
skills by setting up separate institutions,
allocating budgets for specific schemes etc.,
for example, Government of Tamil Nadu
has set up a Tamil Nadu Skill Development
Corporation, a section 25 company and
allocated
`
100 crores for last two years
(2013–14 and 2014–15) for undertak-
ing skill development training of 2 lakh
candidates every year (TNSDC 2015).
26
26
TNSDC, 2015, Presentation on TNSDC, made
to National Skill Development Agency, New Delhi on
8th January 2015. Available at
.
talismaonline.com/NSDA/Tamil%20Nadu.pdf
27
FICCI, Reaping India’s Promised Demographic
Dividend—Industry in Driving Seat, 2013.
