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• Lower- and middle-altitude (<3500m) districts of Una, Bilaspur, Hamirpur, Solan, Mandi, Sirmaur,
and Shimla receive annual average GHI (Global Horizontal Insolation) above 5 kWh/m2/day. The
districts of Lahaul Spiti, Kinnaur, Kullu, and Chamba located at higher altitude (>3500m) receive
annual average GHI in the range 4.5–5 kWh/m2/day.
• Department of agriculture has prepared models for solar fencing i.e. Model No. 1-7. Average 7
wires (2.10m) of solar fencing covering different area were observed in order to study the economic
viability of solar fencing model.
• Model No. 1 and 2 were found not to be viable for financing because total investment cost including
running meter cost was very high and area covered by solar fencing was very low. The IRR and BCR
was very low hence these models were not economical viable. However Model No. 3&4 were found
to be economically viable covering an area of 300m (1.5 acre) and 500m (3.7 acre). The running
meter cost was less and area was more in comparison to Model No. 1 and Model No. 2.
• All of these entire models were based without financial assistance by any government agency or
Department. It means after availability of subsidy these models result in higher benefit to farmer.
• In a nutshell it is clear the Model No. 3 onwards were viable for small and marginal farmer.
• After calculating Bankability it was found that repayment schedule works out to be 9 year to repay
the loan amount given by bank.
• After Model no. 3 onwards, are more viable and accordingly, the no. of year in repayment schedule
should decrease.
• In the Study area it was found that before implementation of solar fencing there was approximately
69% loss to the fruits due to wild animals. Thus resulting, in huge loss of money to farmer. But after
construction of solar fencing there was no damage to plants as it provides 100% protection.
• It was also observed from the study that district wise viable in districts of potential of investment in
solar fencing was Kangra, Una, Bilaspur, Mandi, Shimla, Hamirpur, Soaln, Sirmaur, Kullu, Kinnaur
and Lahulspiti. So solar fencing can be widely replicated in almost all the districts of HP.
B. Solar Water Pump:
• The total agriculture was rainfed dependent upon the monsoon rainfall in the months of July, August
and September. Farmers have no alternative source of irrigation.
• Solar water pumps play an important role to lift water from Well/Khad/Kuhl/River and irrigates
the agriculture field.
• NABARD has provided different models for Solar Water Pump. SPV pump sets capacity ranges from
1.5 hp to 4.0 hp. But while calculating the financial viability of different solar water pump; it was
observed that they are not viable because investment cost was high. Farmer may face loss in solar
water pump without any government assistance.
• But with financial assistance in solar water pump all models are economical viable. Model 1 for 1.5
HP SPV pumpset resulting in total internal rate of return was 17% and benefit costs ratio was 1.06.
This shows that this model was financial viable.
• IRR and BCR were continuously increasing frommodel 1 to model 4. It means solar water pump was
more viable for models with higher acreage.
